Gynecological Maladies: Diagnosis & Treatment

A woman’s reproductive parts are continually under change from puberty to menopause due to factors like pregnancy, ageing, sexual activities, and injuries or disorders. Women suffering from disorders related to reproductive parts are referred to a Gynecologist.

The major tool used in diagnostics is medical history and clinical exams. Gynaecology examinations, when compared to routine exams, are more intimate. After identifying the exact problem, gynaecologists may utilize medical or surgical therapies to treat the disorder.

Dr Max Mongelli is a physician, researcher and award-winning writer who currently works at Discipline in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Sydney. Max Mongelli researches obstetrics and gynaecology. He has worked hard to achieve this height of success. He has studied the gynaecological conditions in depth.

Gynaecological Conditions

1.    Endometriosis

In this disorder, tissue from the membrane that lines the uterus grows outside of the uterine cavity. The lining of the uterus is known as Endometrium. The endometrial tissues grow typically on the ovaries, intestines, fallopian tubes and pelvis area.

> Diagnosis-

After confirming the symptoms, the doctor may conduct a physical exam.

Pelvic exam: This organ is checked to observe the formation of lump or changes in shape or size

Transvaginal ultrasound: high-frequency sound waves create a picture.

> Treatment-

Medications: hormonal therapies (birth control pills, danazol) diminishes the growth of endometriosis.

Surgery:   Surgery helps in the removal of endometrial growths, scar tissue without removing reproductive organs.

2.    Polycystic ovarian syndrome

In PCOS, a female body produces male hormones known as androgens. These androgens prevent ovaries for creating required progesterone, which is essential for regular menses. PCOS results in infertility.

> Diagnosis- There are no specific tests to diagnose this disease. A doctor performs pelvic exam & vaginal ultrasound and concludes his diagnosis through medical history.

> Treatment- PCOS cannot be cured, but it can be managed by treating certain medications and improving the lifestyle. In rare cases, ovarian drilling surgery may be performed to induce ovulation.

3.    Abnormal Uterine Blood

Abnormal uterine bleeding can occur due to issues with ovulation, hormonal imbalance or anomalies from the cervix, vagina, and uterus.

> Diagnosis- Endometrial biopsy, where a small part of the tissue is removed from the uterine cavity. Hysteroscopy, a tiny telescope is inserted in the uterine cavity to examine it.

> Treatment- It may be stopped by consuming contraceptive pills. Endometrial ablation, a surgery where the uterine lining is removed. Hysterectomy, removal of the uterus.

4.    Fibroids

They are circular growths that develop in the uterus. They are benign. Also known as leiomyomas or myomas. They are the most common gynaecological disorders.

> Diagnosis- A pelvic exam that immediately recognizes a fibroid or an ultrasound.

> Treatment- If fibroid does not cause discomfort, excess bleeding or inflammation, then treatment is not required. Myomectomy is the surgical treatment where the fibroid is removed, and the uterus is preserved.

These are some of the gynaecological conditions, their diagnoses, and treatments highlighted by Dr Max Mongelli.

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